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Optional

English Literature

UPSC Civil Services Mains, optional subject

Syllabus

Paper I

(Answers must be written in English)

  • The syllabus consists of two papers, designed to test a first-hand and critical reading of texts prescribed from the following periods in English Literature : Paper 1 : 1600-1900 and Paper 2 : 1900–1990.
  • There will be two compulsory questions in each paper : (a) A short-notes question related to the topics for general study, and (b) A critical analysis of UNSEEN passages both in prose and verse.
  • Texts for detailed study are listed below.
  • Candidates will also be required to show adequate knowledge of the following topics and movements :
  • The Renaissance
  • Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama
  • Metaphysical Poetry
  • The Epic and the Mock-epic
  • Neo-classicism
  • Satire
  • The Romantic Movement
  • The Rise of the Novel
  • The Victorian Age.

Section A

  • William Shakespeare : King Lear and The Tempest.
  • John Donne. The following poems
    • Canonization
    • Death be not proud
    • The Good Morrow
    • On his Mistress going to bed
    • The Relic
  • John Milton : Paradise Lost, I, II, IV, IX.
  • Alexander Pope.
  • The Rape of the Lock.
  • William Wordsworth. The following poems
    • Ode on Intimations of Immortality.
    • Tintern Abbey.
    • Three years she grew.
    • She dwelt among untrodden ways.
    • Michael.
    • Resolution and Independence.
    • The World is too much with us.
    • Milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour.
    • Upon Westminster Bridge.
  • Alfred Tennyson : In Memoriam.
  • Henrik Ibsen : A Doll’s House.

Section B

  • Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels.
  • Jane Austen.
  • Pride and Prejudice.
  • Henry Fielding.
  • Tom Jones.
  • Charles Dickens.
  • Hard Times.
  • George Eliot.
  • The Mill on the Floss.
  • Thomas Hardy.
  • Tess of the d’Urbervilles.
  • Mark Twain.
  • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

Paper II

(Answers must be written in English)

  • Texts for detailed study are listed below.
  • Candidates will also be required to show adequate knowledge of the following topics and movements :
  • Modernism
  • Poets of the Thirties
  • The stream-of-consciousness Novel
  • Absurd Drama
  • Colonialism and Post-Colonialism
  • Indian Writing in English
  • Marxist, Psychoanalytical and Feminist approaches to literature
  • Post-Modernism.

Section A

  • William Butler Yeats. The following poems
    • Easter 1916.
    • The Second Coming.
    • A Prayer for my daughter.
    • Sailing to Byzantium.
    • The Tower.
    • Among School Children.
    • Leda and the Swan.
    • Meru.
    • Lapis Lazuli.
    • The Second Coming.
    • Byzantium.
  • T.S. Eliot. The following poems
    • The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.
    • Journey of the Magi.
    • Burnt Norton.
  • W.H. Auden. The following poems
    • Partition
    • Musee des Beaux Arts
    • In Memory of W.B. Yeats
    • Lay your sleeping head, my love
    • The Unknown Citizen
    • Consider
    • Mundus Et Infans
    • The Shield of Achilles
    • September 1, 1939
    • Petition
  • John Osborne : Look Back in Anger.
  • Samuel Beckett.
  • Waiting for Godot.
  • Philip Larkin. The following poems
    • Next
    • Please
    • Deceptions
    • Afternoons
    • Days
    • Mr. Bleaney
  • A.K. Ramanujan. The following poems
    • Looking for a Cousin on a Swing
    • A River
    • Of Mothers, among other Things
    • Love Poem for a Wife 1
    • Small-Scale Reflections on a Great House
    • Obituary
    • (All these poems are available in the anthology Ten Twentieth Century Indian Poets, edited by R. Parthasarthy, published by Oxford University Press, New Delhi).

Section B

  • Joseph Conrad.
  • Lord Jim.
  • James Joyce.
  • Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.
  • D.H. Lawrence.
  • Sons and Lovers.
  • E.M. Forster.
  • A Passage to India.
  • Virginia Woolf.
  • Mrs.
  • Dalloway.
  • Raja Rao.
  • Kanthapura.
  • V.S. Naipaul.
  • A House for Mr. Biswas.

Syllabus as published by UPSC in the Civil Services Examination 2026 notification.

Useful resources

All optional subjects and syllabus