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Optional

Kannada Literature

UPSC Civil Services Mains, optional subject

Syllabus

Paper I

(Answers must be written in Kannada)

Section A: History of Kannada Language

  • What is Language ? General characteristics of Language.
  • Dravidian Family of Languages and its specific features.
  • Antiquity of Kannada Language.
  • Different phases of its Development.
  • Dialects of Kannada Language : Regional and Social.
  • Various aspects of developments of Kannada Language: phonological and Semantic changes.
  • Language borrowing.

History of Kannada Literature

  • Ancient Kannada literatureInfluence and Trends, Poets for study : Specified poets from Pampa to Ratnakara Varni are to be studied in the light of contents, form and expression : Pampa, Janna, Nagachandra.
  • Medieval Kannada literatureInfluence and Trends.
  • Vachana LiteratureBasavanna, Akka Mahadevi.
  • Medieval PoetsHarihara, Raghavanka, Kumara-Vyasa.
  • Dasa literaturePurandara and Kanaka.
  • SangatayaRatnakarvarni
  • Modern Kannada literature : Influence, trends and ideologies, Navodaya, Pragatishila, Navya, Dalita and Bandaya.

Section B: Poetics and Literary Criticism

  • Definition and concepts of poetry
  • Word, Meaning, Alankara, Reeti, Rasa, Dhwani, Auchitya.
  • Interpretations of Rasa Sutra.
  • Modern Trends of literary criticism : Formalist, Historical, Marxist, Feminist, Post-colonial criticism.

Cultural History of Karnataka

  • Contribution of Dynasties to the culture of Karnataka: Chalukyas of Badami and Kalyani, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagara rulers, in literary context.
  • Major religions of Karnataka and their cultural contribution.
  • Arts of Karnataka
  • Sculpture, Architecture, Painting, Music, Dance—in the literary context.
  • Unification of Karnataka and its impact of Kannada literature.

Paper II

(Answers must be written in Kannada)

  • The Paper will require first-hand reading of the Texts prescribed and will be designed to test the critical ability of the candidates.

Section A: Old Kannada Literature

  • Vikramaarjuna Vijaya of Pampa (Cantos 12 & 13), (Mysore University Pub.)
  • Vaddaraadhane (Sukumaraswamyia Kathe, Vidyutchorana Kathe)

Medieval Kannada Literature

  • Vachana, Kammata, Ed. K. Marulasiddappa K.R. Nagaraj (Bangalore University Pub.)
  • Janapriya Kanakasamputa, Ed. D. Javare Gowda (Kannada and Culture Directorate, Bangalore)
  • Nambiyannana Ragale, Ed., T.N. Sreekantaiah (Ta. Vem.
  • Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore)
  • Kumaravyasa Bharata : Karna Parva (Mysore University)
  • Bharatesha Vaibhava Sangraha Ed Ta. Su. Shama Rao (Mysore University)

Section B: Modern Kannada Literature

  • PoetryHosagannada Kavite, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Kannada Saahitya Parishattu, Bangalore)
  • NovelBettada Jeeva—Shivarama Karanta Madhavi—Anupama NiranjanaOdalaala-Deva-nuru Mahadeva
  • Short StoryKannada Sanna Kathegalu, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Sahitya Academy, New Delhi)
  • Drama
    • Shudra Tapaswi—Kuvempu.
    • Tughalak—Girish Karnad.
  • Vichara SahityaDevaru—A.N. Moorty Rao (Pub: D.V.K.Moorty, Mysore.)

Folk Literature

  • Janapada Swaroopa—Dr. H.M. Nayak. (Ta. Vem.
  • Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore.)
  • Janpada Geetaanjali—Ed. D. Javare Gowda.(Pub : Sahitya Academy, New Delhi).
  • Kannada Janapada Kathegalu—Ed. J.S. Paramashiviaah (Mysore University).
  • Beedi Makkalu Beledo.
  • Ed. Kalegowda Nagavara (Pub : Bangalore University).
  • Savirada Ogatugalu—Ed. S.G. Imrapura.

Syllabus as published by UPSC in the Civil Services Examination 2026 notification.

Useful resources

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