Optional
Kannada Literature
UPSC Civil Services Mains, optional subject
Syllabus
Paper I
(Answers must be written in Kannada)
Section A: History of Kannada Language
- What is Language ? General characteristics of Language.
- Dravidian Family of Languages and its specific features.
- Antiquity of Kannada Language.
- Different phases of its Development.
- Dialects of Kannada Language : Regional and Social.
- Various aspects of developments of Kannada Language: phonological and Semantic changes.
- Language borrowing.
History of Kannada Literature
- Ancient Kannada literatureInfluence and Trends, Poets for study : Specified poets from Pampa to Ratnakara Varni are to be studied in the light of contents, form and expression : Pampa, Janna, Nagachandra.
- Medieval Kannada literatureInfluence and Trends.
- Vachana LiteratureBasavanna, Akka Mahadevi.
- Medieval PoetsHarihara, Raghavanka, Kumara-Vyasa.
- Dasa literaturePurandara and Kanaka.
- SangatayaRatnakarvarni
- Modern Kannada literature : Influence, trends and ideologies, Navodaya, Pragatishila, Navya, Dalita and Bandaya.
Section B: Poetics and Literary Criticism
- Definition and concepts of poetry
- Word, Meaning, Alankara, Reeti, Rasa, Dhwani, Auchitya.
- Interpretations of Rasa Sutra.
- Modern Trends of literary criticism : Formalist, Historical, Marxist, Feminist, Post-colonial criticism.
Cultural History of Karnataka
- Contribution of Dynasties to the culture of Karnataka: Chalukyas of Badami and Kalyani, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagara rulers, in literary context.
- Major religions of Karnataka and their cultural contribution.
- Arts of Karnataka
- Sculpture, Architecture, Painting, Music, Dance—in the literary context.
- Unification of Karnataka and its impact of Kannada literature.
Paper II
(Answers must be written in Kannada)
- The Paper will require first-hand reading of the Texts prescribed and will be designed to test the critical ability of the candidates.
Section A: Old Kannada Literature
- Vikramaarjuna Vijaya of Pampa (Cantos 12 & 13), (Mysore University Pub.)
- Vaddaraadhane (Sukumaraswamyia Kathe, Vidyutchorana Kathe)
Medieval Kannada Literature
- Vachana, Kammata, Ed. K. Marulasiddappa K.R. Nagaraj (Bangalore University Pub.)
- Janapriya Kanakasamputa, Ed. D. Javare Gowda (Kannada and Culture Directorate, Bangalore)
- Nambiyannana Ragale, Ed., T.N. Sreekantaiah (Ta. Vem.
- Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore)
- Kumaravyasa Bharata : Karna Parva (Mysore University)
- Bharatesha Vaibhava Sangraha Ed Ta. Su. Shama Rao (Mysore University)
Section B: Modern Kannada Literature
- PoetryHosagannada Kavite, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Kannada Saahitya Parishattu, Bangalore)
- NovelBettada Jeeva—Shivarama Karanta Madhavi—Anupama NiranjanaOdalaala-Deva-nuru Mahadeva
- Short StoryKannada Sanna Kathegalu, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Sahitya Academy, New Delhi)
- Drama
- Shudra Tapaswi—Kuvempu.
- Tughalak—Girish Karnad.
- Vichara SahityaDevaru—A.N. Moorty Rao (Pub: D.V.K.Moorty, Mysore.)
Folk Literature
- Janapada Swaroopa—Dr. H.M. Nayak. (Ta. Vem.
- Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore.)
- Janpada Geetaanjali—Ed. D. Javare Gowda.(Pub : Sahitya Academy, New Delhi).
- Kannada Janapada Kathegalu—Ed. J.S. Paramashiviaah (Mysore University).
- Beedi Makkalu Beledo.
- Ed. Kalegowda Nagavara (Pub : Bangalore University).
- Savirada Ogatugalu—Ed. S.G. Imrapura.
Syllabus as published by UPSC in the Civil Services Examination 2026 notification.

