Nepali Literature

Section A

• History of the origin and development of Nepali as one of the new Indo Aryan Languages.

Fundamentals of Nepali Grammar and phonology

• Nominal forms and categoriesGender, Number, Case, Adjectives, Pronouns, Avyayas
• Verbal forms and categoriesTense, Aspects, Voice, Roots and Fixes
• Nepali Swara and Vyanjana;

• Major Dialects of Nepali
• Standardisation and Modernisation of Nepali with special reference to language movements (viz.
• Halanta Bahiskar, Jharrovad etc.)
• Teaching of Nepali language in India—Its history and development with special reference to its socio-cultural aspects.

Section B

• History of Nepali literature with special reference to its development in India.
• Fundamental concepts and theories of LiteratureKavya/Sahitya, Kavya Prayojan, Literary genres, Shabda Shakti, Rasa, Alankara, Tragedy, Comedy, Aesthetics, Stylistics.
• Major literary trends and movementsSwachchhandatavad, Yatharthavad, Astitwavad, Ayamik Movement Contemporary Nepali writings, Postmodernism.
• Nepali folklores (the following folk-form only)—Sawai, Jhyaurey, Selo, Sangini, Lahari.

• This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed below and questions will be designed to test the candidate's critical acumen.

Section A

• Santa Jnandil DasUdaya Lahari
• Lekhnath PoudyalTarun Tapasi(Vishrams III, V, VI, XII, XV, XVIII only)
• Agam Sing GiriJaleko Pratibimba Royeko Pratidhwani (The following Poems only-Prasawako Chichyahatsanga Byunjheko Ek Raat, Chhorolai, Jaleko Pratibimba : Royeko Pratidhwani, Hamro Akashmani Pani Hunchha Ujyalo, Tihar).
• Haribhakta KatuwalYo Zinadagi Khai Ke Zindagi : (The following poems only-Jeevan : Ek Dristi, Yo Zindagi Khai Ke Zindagi, Akashka Tara Ke Tara, Hamilai Nirdho Nasamjha, Khai Manyata Yahan Atmahutiko Balidan Ko).
• Balkrishna SamaPrahlad.
• Manbahadur MukhiaAndhyaroma Banchneharu (The following One-Act only-Andhyaroma Banchneharu' ‘Suskera’)

Section B

• Indra SundasSahara.
• Lilbahadur ChhetriBrahmaputra ko Chheuchhau
• Rupnarayan SinhaKatha Navaratna (The following stories only—Biteka Kura, Jimmewari Kasko, Dhanamatiko Cinema—Swapna, Vidhwasta Jeevan).
• Indrabahadur RaiVipana Katipaya (The following stories only—Raatbhari Huri Chalyo, Jayamaya Aphumatra Lekhapani Aipugi, Bhagi, Ghosh Babu, Chhutuaiyo).
• Sanu LamaKatha Sampaad (The following stories only—Swasni Manchhey, Khani Tarma Ekdin, Phurbale Gaun Chhadyo, Asinapo Manchhey).
• Laxmi PrasadLaxmi Nibandha DevkotaSangraha (The following essays only—Sri Ganeshaya Namha, Nepali Sahityako Itihasma Sarvashrestha Purus, Kalpana, Kala Ra Jeevan, Gadha Buddhiman ki Guru?)
• Ramkrishna SharmaDas Gorkha (The following essays only—Kavi, Samaj Ra Sahitya, Sahityama Sapekshata, Sahityik Ruchiko Praudhata, Nepali Sahityako Pragati).