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Optional

Odia Literature

UPSC Civil Services Mains, optional subject

Syllabus

Paper I

(Answers must be written in Odia)

Section A

History of Odia Language

  • Origin and development of Odia Language—Influence of Austric, Dravidian, Perso— Arabic and English on Odia Language.
  • Phonetics and PhonemicsVowels, Consonants Principles of changes in Odia sounds.
  • MorphologyMorphemes (free, bound compound and complex), derivational and inflectional affixes, case inflection, conjugation of verb.
  • SyntaxKinds of sentences and their trans-formation, structure of sentences.
  • Semantics—Different types of change in meaning.
  • Euphemism.
  • Common errors in spellings, grammatical uses and construction of sentences.
  • Regional variations in Odia Language (Western, Southern and Northern Odia) and Dialects (Bhatri and Desia).

Section B

History of Odia Literature

  • Historical backgrounds (social, cultural and political) of Odia Literature of different periods.
  • Ancient epics, ornate kavyas and padavalis.
  • Typical structural forms of Odia Literature (Koili, Chautisa, Poi, Chaupadi, Champu).
  • Modern trends in poetry, drama short story, novel essay and literary criticism.

Paper II

(Answers must be written in Odia)

  • Critical Study of texts—
  • The paper will require first hand reading of the text and test the critical ability of the candidate.

Section A

Poetry

(Ancient)

  • Sãralã Dãs—Shanti Parva from Mahãbhãrata.
  • Jaganãth Dãs—Bhãgabata, XI Skadhã—Jadu Avadhuta Sambãda.

(Medieval)

  • Dinakrushna Dãs—Raskallola—(Chhãndas—16 & 34)
  • Upendra Bhanja—Lãvanyabati (Chhãndas—1 & 2).

(Modern)

  • Rãdhãnath Rãy—Chandrabhãgã.
  • Mãyãdhar Mänasinha—Jeevan—Chitã.
  • Sãtchidananda Routray—Kabitã—1962.
  • Ramãkãnta Ratha—Saptama Ritu.

Section B

Drama

  • Manoranjan Dãs—Kätha-Ghoda.
  • Bijay Mishra—Tata Niranjanä.

Novel

  • Fakir Mohan Senãpati—Chhamãna Ãthaguntha.
  • Gopinãth Mohãnty—Dãnãpani.

Short Story

  • Surendra Mohãnty—Marãlara Mrityu.
  • Manoj Dãs—Laxmira Abhisãra.

Essay

  • Chittaranjan Dãs—Tranga O Tadit (First Five essays).
  • ChandraSekharRath—MunSatyadharmãKahuchhi (First five essays).

Syllabus as published by UPSC in the Civil Services Examination 2026 notification.

Useful resources

All optional subjects and syllabus