Punjabi Literature

Section A

• Origin of Punjabi Language
• different stages of development and recent development in Punjabi Language
• characteristics of Punjabi phonology and the study of its tones
• classification of vowels and consonants.
• Punjabi morphology
• the number-gender system (animate and inanimate), prefixes, affixes and different categories of Post positions
• Punjabi word formation
• Tatsam.
• Tad Bhav. forms
• Sentence structure, the notion of subject and object in Punjabi
• Noun and verb phrases.
• Language and dialect : the notions of dialect and idiolect: major dialects of Punjabi : Pothohari, Majhi, Doabi, Malwai, Paudhi
• the validity of speech variation on the basis of social stratification, the distinctive features of various dialects with special reference to tones Language and script
• origin and development of Gurumukhi
• Suitability of Gurumukhi for Punjabi.
• Classical backgroundNath Jogi Sahit.
• Medieval LiteratureGurmat, Suti, Kissa and Var : janamsakhis.

Section B

• Modern trends
  • Mystic, romantic, progressive and neomystic (Vir Singh, Puran Singh, Mohan Singh, Amrita Pritam, Bawa Balwant, Pritam Singh Safeer, J. S. Neki).
  • Experimentalist (Jasbir Singh Ahluwalia, Ravinder Ravi, Ajaib Kamal).
  • Aesthetes (Harbhajan Singh, Tara Singh).
  • Neo-progressive (Pash, Jagtar, Patar).
• Folk LiteratureFolk songs, Folk tales, Riddles, Proverbs.
• Epic(Vir Singh, Avtar Singh Azad, Mohan Singh).
• Lyric(Gurus, Sufis and Modern Lyricists-Mohan Singh, Amrita Pritam, Shiv Kumar, Harbhajan Singh).
• Drama(I.C. Nanda, Harcharan Singh, Balwant Gargi, S.S. Sekhon, Charan Das Sidhu).
• Novel(Vir Singh, Nanak Singh, Jaswant Singh Kanwal, K.S. Duggal, Sukhbir, Gurdial Singh, Dalip Kaur Tiwana, Swaran Chandan).
• Short Story(Sujan Singh, K. S. Virk, Prem Parkash, Waryam Sandhu).
• Socio-cultural Literary influences;Sanskrit, Persian and Western.
• Essay(Puran Singh, Teja Singh, Gurbaksh Singh).
• Literary Criticism(S.S. Sekhon, Attar Singh, Kishan Singh, Harbhajan Singh, Najam Hussain Sayyad).

• This paper will require first-hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidate’s critical ability.

Section A

• Sheikh FaridThe complete Bani as includedin the Adi Granth.
• Guru Nanak
  • Japu Ji. Baramah.
  • Asa di Var.
• Bulleh ShahKafian
• Waris ShahHeer

Section B

• Shah MohammadJangnama (Jang Singhante Firangian)
• Dhani Ram Chatrik (Poet)
  • Chandan Vari
  • Sufi Khana
  • Nawan Jahan
• Nanak Singh (Novelist)
  • Chitta Lahu
  • Pavittar Papi
  • Ek Mian Do Talwaran
• Gurbaksh Singh (Essayist)
  • Zindagi-di-Ras
  • Nawan Shivala
  • Merian Abhul Yadaan.
• Balraj Sahni (Travelogue)
  • Mera Roosi Safarnama
  • Mera Pakistani Safarnama
• Balwant Gargi (Dramatist)
  • Loha Kutt
  • Dhuni-di-Agg
  • Sultan Razia
• Sant Singh Sekhon (Critic)
  • Sahityarth
  • Parsidh Punjabi Kavi
  • Punjabi Kav Shiromani.