First Principles IASlearning from first principles

Purushapura through time

Now Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

  1. Theme 9 · 5th century BCE to 13th century CE

    Buddhism and Jainism: later development and decline

    The Hellenistic Buddha image: wavy hair, heavy folds, grey blue schist

  2. Theme 8b · 200 BCE to 300 CE; the Western Satraps to 415

    The northwestern invasions: Indo Greeks, Shakas, Pahlavas, Kushanas and the Western Satraps

    Kanishka's primary capital

  3. Theme M2 · 711 to 1186 CE

    The advent of Islam and the first Turkish invasion

    Peshawar, where Mahmud defeated and captured the Hindu Shahi Jayapala in 1001