Current affairs index

Constitution and rights

• Equality and reservation (Articles 14 to 18) · 4
• Freedoms, privacy and personal liberty (Articles 19 to 22) · 9
• Directive principles and fundamental duties · 1
• Citizenship · 1

Parliament and state legislatures

• Functioning: sessions, committees and oversight · 1
• Presiding officers, privileges and anti defection · 1
• Representation: delimitation, seats and women's reservation · 2

Executive

• Civil services and administrative reform · 1

Judiciary

• Appointments, transfers and accountability of judges · 4
• Judicial review and the reach of the courts · 3
• Pendency, court reform and tribunals · 3
• Legal aid, mediation and arbitration · 1
• Criminal justice: the new criminal laws, police, prisons and bail · 6

Constitutional, statutory and regulatory bodies

• Constitutional bodies (Comptroller and Auditor General, Union Public Service Commission, the national commissions) · 1
• Rights and integrity bodies (human rights, information, vigilance, Lokpal) · 1

Federalism

• Governor and Centre and State relations · 2
• Fiscal federalism (home in Economy, pointer here) · 2
• Interstate relations, councils, border and water disputes · 7
• Union Territories, special provisions and the Fifth and Sixth Schedules · 1
• Official language · 1

Elections

• Election Commission and the conduct of elections · 3
• Electoral rolls, voting and technology · 2
• Political parties and their funding · 1
• Electoral reform, including simultaneous elections · 1

Local government

• Panchayati raj and PESA · 1

Governance and accountability

• Transparency and the right to information · 2
• Digital governance and service delivery · 3
• Civil society, voluntary organisations and foreign contribution rules · 1
• Media, online content and its regulation · 3

Growth and national income

• Growth, national accounts and their revision · 4

Money, banking and finance

• Monetary policy and inflation · 2
• Banks: regulation, bad loans and reform · 4
• Non bank lenders, payments and financial technology · 2

Public finance

• Budget, deficits and debt · 2
• Direct taxes · 3
• Goods and Services Tax and indirect taxes · 1

Capital markets

• Securities markets and their regulator · 4
• Bond and debt markets · 1

External sector

• Balance of payments, the rupee and reserves · 3
• Trade policy, tariffs and trade agreements · 3
• Foreign investment · 4
• World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund and World Bank · 1

Agriculture and food

• Prices, procurement and food security · 1
• Inputs: fertiliser, seed, water, credit and insurance · 6
• Land reforms and land records · 1
• Markets, farmer organisations and exports · 2
• Livestock, fisheries and horticulture · 1

Also filed elsewhere: Communicable diseases, animal health and One Health · Materials, nanotechnology and advanced manufacturing

Industry and services

• Manufacturing policy and production linked incentives · 4
• Small enterprises and startups · 1
• Competition, insolvency and ease of business · 1
• Services, e commerce and tourism · 1
• Mining and minerals · 3

Also filed elsewhere: Digital public infrastructure and platforms

Infrastructure and energy

• Power sector and the grid · 1
• Coal, oil and gas · 2
• Urban infrastructure and housing · 1
• Infrastructure finance and public private partnership · 3

Also filed elsewhere: Semiconductors, computing hardware and data centres

Employment and labour

• Employment data and trends · 1
• Labour codes, gig work and social security · 2

Poverty, inequality and inclusive growth

• Human development and welfare delivery · 1

Neighbourhood

• Pakistan · 2
• China and the boundary · 2
• Bangladesh · 3
• Nepal and Bhutan · 1
• Sri Lanka and Maldives · 2
• Afghanistan and Myanmar · 2

Major powers

• United States · 1
• Russia · 2
• Europe (European Union, United Kingdom, France, Germany) · 3
• Japan, Australia and South Korea · 2

India and world regions

• West Asia and the Gulf · 3
• Central Asia · 1
• Southeast Asia and Act East · 3
• Indian Ocean and Indo Pacific · 2
• Latin America and the Pacific islands · 2

Groupings

• Indo Pacific groupings (Quad, AUKUS, the Indo Pacific economic framework) · 1
• BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation · 2
• G20 and G7 · 2
• South Asian and Bay of Bengal groupings · 2
• Connectivity corridors · 1

Global institutions

• United Nations and Security Council reform · 2
• Specialised agencies · 1

Global regimes and issues

• Nuclear and arms control regimes and export control groups · 3
• Law of the sea · 2
• Terrorism and its financing · 2
• Sanctions, technology controls and trade conflict · 2

Conflicts and crises

• Russia and Ukraine · 1
• West Asia · 2

India's foreign policy, diaspora and soft power

• Soft power and development partnership · 1
• Defence diplomacy and exercises · 3

Species in news

• Big cats · 3
• Elephants and other land mammals · 4
• Birds · 3
• Reptiles, amphibians and aquatic species · 1
• Plants, insects and newly described species · 2
• Invasive alien species · 1

Protected areas and habitats

• Protected areas, tiger reserves and eco sensitive zones · 4
• Wetlands and Ramsar sites · 1
• Marine and coastal ecosystems · 8
• Forests, grasslands and mountain ecosystems · 3

Also filed elsewhere: Forest laws and forest rights · Wind, hydro and other renewables

Biodiversity governance

• Biodiversity and wildlife law in India · 4
• Global biodiversity conventions and bodies · 1
• Human wildlife conflict and wildlife crime · 3

Climate science

• Climate science: records, attribution and tipping points · 5
• Cryosphere, oceans and sea level · 4
• Extreme weather, monsoon and forecasting · 8

Also filed elsewhere: India's climate policy: NDCs, net zero and adaptation

Climate negotiations and finance

• UNFCCC negotiations and the Paris framework · 5
• Climate finance, carbon markets and carbon pricing · 3
• India's climate policy: NDCs, net zero and adaptation · 5
• Mitigation: industry, methane and carbon removal · 3

Pollution

• Air pollution · 7
• Water pollution and river rejuvenation · 5
• Groundwater and water conservation · 3
• Chemicals, noise, light and soil pollution · 3

Also filed elsewhere: Non communicable diseases, nutrition and food safety

Waste and circular economy

• Solid and plastic waste · 2
• E-waste, battery and hazardous waste · 1
• Circular economy and resource efficiency · 3

Also filed elsewhere: Critical minerals and rare earths

Conservation initiatives

• Land degradation, desertification and drylands · 3
• Afforestation, restoration and conservation outside protected areas · 5
• Sustainable agriculture · 1

Also filed elsewhere: Forest laws and forest rights

Environmental law and institutions

• EIA, clearances and pollution control law · 3
• Forest laws and forest rights · 7
• Courts, tribunals and environmental jurisprudence · 3
• Rivers: sharing, linking and disputes · 2

Also filed elsewhere: Afforestation, restoration and conservation outside protected areas · Wind, hydro and other renewables

Space

• Launch vehicles, satellites and applications · 4
• Human spaceflight and space stations · 3
• Moon, Sun and planetary missions · 4
• Astronomy and cosmology · 4
• Space policy, private sector and governance · 8

Defence technology

• Missiles and air defence · 4
• Military platforms, drones and new weapons · 7
• Defence indigenisation and exports · 4

Health and disease

• Communicable diseases, animal health and One Health · 12
• Vaccines and immunisation · 4
• Antimicrobial resistance · 2
• Non communicable diseases, nutrition and food safety · 7
• Drugs, diagnostics and medical technology · 10

Biotechnology

• Genomics, gene editing and cell therapy · 3
• Agricultural and food biotechnology · 4
• Bioeconomy, biomanufacturing and biosafety · 1

Computing and AI

• AI and robotics: technology and India's capability · 3
• AI governance, safety and ethics · 5
• Semiconductors, computing hardware and data centres · 5
• Cyber security and data protection · 5
• Digital public infrastructure and platforms · 1

Communications

• Telecom networks, spectrum and internet infrastructure · 3
• Satellite and emerging communications · 3

Energy technology

• Solar energy · 3
• Wind, hydro and other renewables · 3
• Hydrogen and bioenergy · 6
• Coal, oil and gas · 3
• Storage, batteries and electric mobility · 4
• Grid, power sector and energy policy · 5

Nuclear technology

• Nuclear power programme · 6
• Fusion, radiation applications and nuclear governance · 3

Materials and nanotechnology

• Critical minerals and rare earths · 5
• Materials, nanotechnology and advanced manufacturing · 1

Also filed elsewhere: Circular economy and resource efficiency

IPR and science policy

• Intellectual property and Geographical Indications · 4
• Research funding, institutions and awards · 7
• Ocean, polar and earth science missions · 5

Basic science in news

• Physics, chemistry and mathematics in news · 4
• Biology in news · 1
• Quantum science and technology · 4